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1. The enzyme pepsin digests which dietary component?
a) Protein
b) Fat
c) Carbohydrate
d) Vitamina
Ans: A –Protein:- pepsin is an endopeptidase that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides.it is secreted from gastric chief cells of the stomach, it is one of the main digestive enzyme.
2. What is the first line of defence in any immune response?
a) Anatomical, mechanical and chemical barriers
b) B- and T-lymphocytes
c) Antibodies
d) Macrophages
Ans: A –Anatomical, Mechanical And Chemical Barriers:- The first line of defence (or outside defence system) includes physical and chemical barriers that are always ready and prepared to defend the body from infection. these include your skin, tears, mucus, cilia, stomach acid, urine flow etc.
3. The wandering phagocytes found in the alveoli are called
a) Alveolar macrophages
b) Pulmonary cells
c) Goblet cells
d) Chalice cells
Ans: A –Alveolar Macrophages:- An alveolar macrophage, pulmonary macrophage, (or dust cell) is a type of macrophage, a professional phagocyte, found in the airways and at the level of the alveoli in the lungs, but separated from their walls.
4. A nurse discover an electrical fire in a client’s room. Her first action would be to
a) Search and activate the fire-alarm
b) Confine the fire by closing all doors and windows
c) Evacuate any clients or visitors in immediate danger
d) Extinguish the fire by using the nearest fire extinguisher
Ans: C –Evacuate Any Clients Or Visitors In Immediate Danger :- Remember the mnemonic RACEin an electrical fire .(Rescue clients, Activate the fire alarm, Confine the fire, Extinguish the fire)
5. A primigravida at 37 weeks reported to labour room with central placenta previa with heavy bleeding per vaginum. The FSH was normal at time of examination. The best management option for her is:
a) Expectant Management
b) Cesarean section
c) Induction and vaginal delivery
d) Induction and forceps delivery
Ans: A –Expectant management :- Observation and a scheduled elective C-section at 36–37 weeks' gestation is the right approach in a patient with placenta previa, as vaginal birth could cause severe hemorrhage due to rupture of placental vessels. Immediate delivery via emergency C-section is not necessary because labor has not started.
6. A client needs to learn to use a walker, acquisition of this skill will require learning in the
a) Psychomotor domain
b) Affective domain
c) Cognitive domain
d) Attention domain
Ans: A –Psychomotor Domain :- Learning is the modification of behavior. The psychomotor domain is skill based.
7. The core temperature is measured from which of the following sites?
a) Rectum
b) Tympanic Membrane
c) Axilla
d) Both (a) and (b)
Ans: D –BOTH (A) AND (B):-core temperature (tc), also referred to as core body temperature, is the temperature of the internal organs, such as the liver, located deep within the body. the human body maintains its core temperature within a very narrow range of 36.5-38.5 ℃ [97.7-101.3 °f]
sites of core temperature
Rectal Temperature
Tympanic Temperature
Oesophageal Temperature
Urinary Bladder Temperature & Pulmonary Artery Temperature
8. Surgical procedure used to correct a deviated nasal septum is
a) Septoplasty
b) Annuloplasty
c) Valvuloplasty
d) None of these
Ans: A – SEPTO PLASTY :-Septoplasty is a surgical procedure to straighten the bone and cartilage dividing the space between your two nostrils .usually done in deviated nasal septum.
9. During CPR after how many cycles does a rescuer change?
a) 5 cycles
b) 4 cycles
c) 3 cycles
d) 2 cycles
Ans: A –5 CYCLES :- CPR to be effective, rescuers should perform five cycles in two minutes. Additionally, it's recommended that rescuers swap after two minutes and five cycles to prevent exhaustion and maintain effective compressions.
10. What is the incubation period of Asearis?
a) 2-3 weeks
b) 4-8 weeks
c) 9-10 weeks
d) None of these
Ans: B – 4-8 WEEKS:- Incubation period of ascarsis
11. The antidote of Paracetamol poisoning is:
a) N-acetylcysteine
b) Morphine 1:15
c) Warfarin
d) Heparin
Ans: A –N ACETYLCYSTINE (MUCOMIST) Acetylcysteine:-Is a medication that is used to treat paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose, and to loosen thick mucus in individuals with chronic bronchopulmonary disorders like pneumonia and bronchitis.
12. A client name Rohan with weight 65 kg with pulmonary edema is ordered heparin -10 units/kg/hr. How much units of heparin should he receive each hour?
a) 450 Units/Hour
b) 550 Units/Hour
c) 650 Units/Hour
d) 750 Units/Hour
Ans: C –650UNITS/HOUR.
650 units/hr 6
10/kg/hr
10x65= 650 units/hr.
13. During organ transplantation the living donor must give consent related to all components, except
a) Consent process
b) Health Evaluation process
c) Surgical procedure
d) No follow up
Ans: D–Organ Transplantation Of The Living Donor Must Be Give Consent Related To Consent Process,HealthEvaluation Process & Surgical Procedure To Be Given Except Follow Up.
14. The common side-effect of CPAP mask is
a) Claustrophobia
b) Hydrophobia
c) Acrophobia
d) Nomophobia
Ans: A –CLAUSTROPHOBIA :- Due To Close The Face By CPAP Mask The Patient May Feel Claustrophobia
15. Positive End Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) is
a) Alveolar pressure above atmospheric pressure
b) Atmospheric pressure above alveolar pressure
c) Atmospheric pressure above osmotic pressure
d) None of these
Ans: A –PEEP IS ALVEOLAR PRESSURE ABOVE ATMOPSHERIC PRESSURE :-
Positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) is applied during the end of expiration to maintain the alveolar pressure above atmospheric pressure.
16. 100 ml fluid is given to patient and patients CVP is 3 mmHg. Then what is the next intervention?
a) Give more fluids
b) Restrict fluids
c) Do Nothing
d) None of these
Ans: C –do nothing:- Because it is in normal range. Central venous pressure is an assessment of venous return, blood volume and, indirectly, of cardiac output. Normal CVP is between 0 and 8 cmH2O (1–6 mmHg).
17. The heart regulatory center of the body is located at?
a) Medulla oblongata
b) Thalamus
c) Limbic system
d) Hypothalamus
Ans: D – HYPOTHALAMUS
FUNCTIONS OF HYPOTHALAMUSIS :
Releasing Hormones.
Maintaining Daily Physiological Cycles.
Controlling Appetite.
Managing Sexual Behavior.
Regulating Emotional Responses.
Regulating Body Temperature
18. Norml tidal volume is?
a) 100 ml
b) 400 ml
c) 6000 ml
d) 500 ml
Ans: D –500ML:-Tidal Volume is the Moaunt of Air Inspired During Normal, Relaxed Breathing.
19. Most common type of fracture in children is?
a) Colley's fracture
b) Potts fracture
c) Greenstick fracture
d) Pathological fracture
Ans: C –GREEN STICK FRACTURES:- A greenstick fracture occurs when a bone bends and cracks, instead of breaking completely into separate pieces. This type usually seen in younger age(less than 10 years)
20. BCG is type of?
a) Killed vaccine
b) Triple vaccine
c) Live attenuated vaccine
d) Combined vaccine
Ans: C –Live attenuated vaccine:- BCG, or bacille Calmette-Guerin, is a vaccine for tuberculosis (TB) disease.
21. Major cause of maternal mortality in India?
a) Obstructed labour
b) Abortion
c) Sepsis
d) Hemorrhage
Ans: D –HEMORRHAGE :- In India Most Of The Maternal Deaths Is Due To Hemorrhage.
22. When an individual blames others for his own mistakes, then it is referred to as?
a) Projection
b) Regression
c) Aggression
d) Compensation
Ans: A –PROJECTION :-Projection is a form of defense in which unwanted feelings are displaced onto another person, where they then appear as a threat from the external world.
23. The most common site of hospital acquired infection is?
a) Surgical sites
b) Respiratory tract
c) Urinary tracts
d) Eyes
Ans: C –URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS:-A nosocomial infection is an infection you get while you're in the hospital for another reason. It's also called a hospital-acquired infection or a health-care associated infection. Most common is urinary tract infections .
24. A complete set of chromosomes containing all the genetic information of an individual is called?
a) Their genome
b) Their genotype
c) Their autosome
d) Their sequence
Ans: B –GENOTYPE :-The genotype of an organism is its complete set of genetic material.
25. Brownish black pigmented area in the midline of the abdomen of a pregnant woman extending from xiphisternum to symphysis pubis is called?
a) Striae gravidarum
b) Chloasma gravidarum
c) Linea alba
d) Linea nigra
Ans: D –LINEA NIGRA:-Linea nigra is a physiological form of hyperpigmentation commonly seen in the first trimester of pregnancy
26. In meiosis how many daughter cells are produced?
a) 8
b) 6
c) 4
d) 2
Ans: C –FOUR DAUGHTER CELLS.
Meiosis gives rise to four unique daughter cells, each of which has half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
27. The most relevant knowledge about oxygen administration to a patient with COPD includes?
a) Oxygen at 1-2 L/mint. is given to maintain hypoxic stimulus for breathing
b) Hypoxia stimulates the central chemoreceptors in the cortex that makes the patient breathe
c) Oxygen is administered best using a non rebreathing mask
d) Blood gases are monitored using a pulse oximeter
Ans: A –o2 at 1-2 l/min is given to maintain hypoxic stimulus for breathing.
Hypoxic state stimulates medulla (respiratory center) which makes person more breath.
28. The acrosome of sperm contains
a) Mitochondria
b) Lysosomal enzymes
c) Nuclear material
d) All of these
Ans: B –LYSOSOMAL ENZYMES
The acrosome contains degradative enzymes (including hyaluronidase and acrosin).
29. The nurse is teaching the client taking cyclosporine after renal transplantation about key medication information, the nurse tells the client to be especially alert for
a) Signs of infection
b) Hypotension
c) GI disturbances
d) Hair loss
Ans: A –SIGNS OF INFECTION
A drug with immunosuppressive properties used to prevent the rejection of grafts and transplants. A cyclic peptide, it is obtained from a fungus.
30. Creatinine is a metabolic waste produce excreted in urine and derived from
a) Liver
b) Muscle
c) Bone
d) Skin
Ans: B –MUSCLES :- Creatine is a chemical that your body uses to supply your muscles with energy. As you muscles use energy the tissue that makes up your muscles breaks down. This natural breakdown of muscle tissue causes creatinine to be released into your bloodstream.
31. The mucosa of the large intestine produces____ secretions.
a) alkaline
b) acidic
c) neutral
d) Both alkaline and acidic
Ans: C –NEUTRAL :-Most of the water and minerals and vitamins absorption occurs in large intestine
32. The primary phase in the regulation of gastric secretion and motility is called
a) The swallowing phase
b) The gastric phase
c) The cephalic phase
d) The intestinal phase
Ans: C –CEPHALIC PHASE:-The cephalic phase of gastric secretion is initiated by the sight, smell, thought or taste of food.
33. The exchange of gases between alveoli and their surrounding capillaries is called _______ respiration.
a) external
b) internal
c) intrinsic
d) Both external and internal
Ans: B –INTERNAL RESPIRATION:-In internal respiration, gas exchange takes place between the alveoli and the blood.
34. Which of the following is an example of a peptide hormone?
a) Aldosterone
b) Serotonin
c) Gastrin
d) Prostaglandins
Ans: C–GASTRIN:- Gastrin is a peptide hormone that stimulates secretion of gastric acid (HCl) by the parietal cells of the stomach and aids in gastric motility.
35. Which of the following substances is not present in sweat?
a) Urea
b) Calcium
c) Lactic acid
d) Water
Ans: C –LACTIC ACID:-sweat is also known as perspiration and it is made almost completely of water, with tiny amounts of other chemicals like ammonia urea salts, and sugar.
36. For Active Management of the third stage of labour, the nurse should administer
a) Oxytocin 10 units within 1 minute
b) Oxytocin 10 units within 5 minutes
c) Oxytocin 5 units within 1 minutes
d) Oxytocin 5 units within 5 minutes
Ans: A –OXYTOCIN 10 IU WITHIN ONE MINUTE:-Oxytocin is the uterotonic agent of choice; it can be administered as 10 units intramuscularly or as 20 units diluted in 500 mL normal saline as an intravenous bolus, and can safely and effectively be given to the mother with the delivery of the baby or after the delivery of the placenta.
37. What does AVPU stand for?
a) Alert, Voice, Pain, Unresponsive
b) Awake, Voice, Pain, Unresponsive
c) Alive, Voice, Pinch, Unresponsive
d) Asleep, Voice, Pain, Unresponsive
Ans: A –ALERT, VOICE, PAIN, UNRESPONSIVENESS:- The AVPU scale (an acronym from "alert, verbal, pain, unresponsive") is a system by which a health care professional can measure and record a patient's level of consciousness. It is mostly used in emergency medicine protocols, and within first aid.
38. What type of questioning might be used in a patient assessment?
a) Open and closed
b) Open and shut
c) Exposed and closed
d) Out and in
Ans: A –OPEN AND ENDED QUESTIONS:-Good communication is key!! Ask open ended questions it helps for therapeutic relationship.
39. The most abundant tissue in the human body is
a) Epithelial
b) Connective
c) Muscle
d) Nervous
Ans: B –CONNECTIVE TISSUE:-Connective tissues are the most diverse and abundant tissues in human body. Fibrous tissues, cartilage, bone and blood are connective tissues.
40. Which year is declared as the Year of Nurses and Midwives by WHO?
a) 2021
b) 2020
c) 2019
d) 2018
Ans: B –2020:-WHO designated 2020 the year of the nurse and midwife to acknowledge the work of nurses and midwives globally.
41. The heart is developed from which embryonic structure?
a) Paraxial mesoderm
b) Intermediate mesoderm
c) Splanchnopleuric intraembryonic mesoderm
d) Somatopleuric intraembryonic mesoderm
Ans: C –splanchnopleuric intraembryonic mesoderm:-The heart is derived from the anterior splanchnic mesoderm. It forms from two crescent-like cardiogenic plates
42. Medulla oblongata is also called
a) Prosencephalon
b) Myelencephalon
c) Mesencephalon
d) Metencephalon
Ans: B - The myelencephalon consists of the medulla oblongata, which forms the brain posterior to the metencephalon and connects to the spinal cord. So whereas metencephalon consists of the posterior medulla and pons and ends with a cerebral aqueduct.
43. Which of the following is not a clinical method of teaching?
a) Case methods/case study
b) Nursing rounds and reports
c) Process recording
d) Seminar
Ans: D –SEMINAR:-A clinical teaching method involves interpersonal communication among a teacher, a learner, and a learning group.Methods are Conference , client &family centered approach ,bedside clinic ,nursing rounds ,field visits & process recording etc.
44. Quality assurance is concerned with
a) Adequacy of care
b) Practice ratings
c) Standard of practice
d) Organizational practice
Ans: C –STANDARD OF PRACTICE:-QA is concerned with the functions related to the attainment of the required quality
45. Who has given 14 Principles of Management?
a) Daniel Freud
b) Henry Fayol
c) Mary Follet
d) Taylor
Ans: B –HENRY FAYOL:-Henry Fayol, also known as the ‘father of modern management theory’ gave a new perception of the concept of management
46. Standard deviation is a measure of
a) Chance
b) Central tendency
c) Deviation from a mean value
d) None of these
Ans: C –DEVIATION FROM MEAN VALUE:-The standard deviation measures the dispersion or variation of the values of a variable around its mean value (arithmetic mean).
47. The variable that is manipulated in an experiment is called
a) Independent variable
b) Criteria variable
c) Dependent variable
d) Controller variable
Ans: A–INDEPENDENT VARIABLE:-The independent variable is the variable that is manipulated by the experimenter to observe the results in dependent varibles
48. Deformity of which bone resulting in Sprengel’s shoulder?
a) Scapula
b) Radius
c) Ulna
d) Tibia
Ans: A–SCAPULA :- Sprengel deformity is a rare congenital disorder in which the shoulder blade (scapula) is too high on one side of the body.
49. The type of delusion commonly seen in depression is/are
a) Delusion of poverty
b) Delusion of Nihilism
c) Delusion of Presecution
d) All of these
Ans: D–ALL OF THESE: In Depression Patient Feel Delusions Mainly are:-
Delusional Poverty :- A False Belief In Which The Individual Insists That He Or She Is, Or Will Soon Be, Entirely Destitute.
Delusional Nihilism :- Delusional Belief Of Being Dead, Decomposed Or Annihilated.
Delusion Of Persecuation :-The Most Common Is Delusions Of Persecution. It's When You're Convinced That Someone Is Mistreating, Conspiring Against, Or Planning To Harm You Or Your Loved One.
50. An alcoholic client experiencing burning and tingling sensations of the feet. It is suggestive of
a) Peripheral neuropathy
b) Wernicke’s encephalopathy
c) Korkoff’s psychosis
d) Seizure
Ans: A–PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY:-Peripheral neuropathy, a result of damage to the nerves located outside of the brain and spinal cord (peripheral nerves), often causes weakness, numbness ,tingling sensation, burning and pain, usually in the hands and feet.